سورة المائدة
Surah Name: Al-Ma'idah Meaning: The Women
Key Points
- Revealed at Madinah
- Completion and Perfection of Islam as Deen (way of life) declared in this Surah.
With reference to its revelation, it is amongst those Surahs, which were revealed at the end. Part of it was also revealed on the eve of the last Hajj of the Holy Prophet-SW, after which he-SW lived for only about eighty days. Certain Sections were revealed at the time of the Conquest of Makkah, while some on journey to Hudaibiyah. Whereas Surah An-Nisa' discusses mutual relations, dealings and the rights and duties, this Surah lays further emphasis on practising them. The believers are being specifically instructed: "Fulfill your undertakings." - Total Number of Ruku / Sections 16
- Total Number of Ayat / Parts 120
- Surah / Chapter number 5
- Ruku / Section 9 contains Ayat / Parts 10
- Siparah/ Volume 6 & 7
Surah Al-Ma'idah
Surah Al-Ma'idah Ruku 9
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يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ لاَ تَتَّخِذُواْ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُواْ دِينَكُمْ هُزُوًا وَلَعِبًا مِّنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ الْكِتَابَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ وَالْكُفَّارَ أَوْلِيَاء وَاتَّقُواْ اللّهَ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ
Ya ayyuha allatheena amanoo la tattakhithoo allatheena ittakhathoo deenakum huzuwan walaAAiban mina allatheena ootoo alkitaba min qablikum wa(a)lkuffara awliyaa wa(i)ttaqoo Allaaha in kuntum mumineen(a) O’ you who believe! Do not take as friends those who make a mockery and fun of your religion from among those who have been given the Book before you and other infidels. And fear Allaah-SWT, if you are believers. |
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وَإِذَا نَادَيْتُمْ إِلَى الصَّلاَةِ اتَّخَذُوهَا هُزُوًا وَلَعِبًا ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لاَّ يَعْقِلُونَ
Waitha nadaytum ila a(l)ssalati ittakhathooha huzuwan walaAAiban thalika biannahum qawmun la yaAAqiloon(a) And when you call for Salat they make a mockery and fun of it. This, because they are a people who have no understanding. |
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قُلْ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ هَلْ تَنقِمُونَ مِنَّا إِلاَّ أَنْ آمَنَّا بِاللّهِ وَمَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْنَا وَمَا أُنزِلَ مِن قَبْلُ وَأَنَّ أَكْثَرَكُمْ فَاسِقُونَ
Qul ya ahla alkitabi hal tanqimoona minna illa an amanna bi(A)llahi wama onzila ilayna wama onzila min qablu waanna aktharakum fasiqoon(a) Say you-SW: O’ People of the Book! What is that for which you persecute us save that we believe in Allaah-SWT and in what has been sent down to us and what has been sent down before? And most of you are Fasiqin. |
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قُلْ هَلْ أُنَبِّئُكُم بِشَرٍّ مِّن ذَلِكَ مَثُوبَةً عِندَ اللّهِ مَن لَّعَنَهُ اللّهُ وَغَضِبَ عَلَيْهِ وَجَعَلَ مِنْهُمُ الْقِرَدَةَ وَالْخَنَازِيرَ وَعَبَدَ الطَّاغُوتَ أُوْلَـئِكَ شَرٌّ مَّكَاناً وَأَضَلُّ عَن سَوَاء السَّبِيلِ
Qul hal onabbiokum bisharrin min thalika mathoobatan AAinda Allaahi man laAAanahu Allaahu waghadiba AAalayhi wajaAAala minhumu alqiradata wa(a)lkhanazeera waAAabada a(l)ttaghooti olaika sharrun makanan waadallu AAan sawai a(l)ssabeel(i) Say you-SW: O’ People of the Book!. Shall I declare to you something worse as a way with Allaah-SWT than that? It is they whom Allaah-SWT has accursed and with whom He is angered and of whom some He has changed into apes and swine, and worshippers of false gods those are worse in abode and furthest astray from the level way. |
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وَإِذَا جَآؤُوكُمْ قَالُوَاْ آمَنَّا وَقَد دَّخَلُواْ بِالْكُفْرِ وَهُمْ قَدْ خَرَجُواْ بِهِ وَاللّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكْتُمُونَ
Waitha jaookum qaloo amanna waqad dakhaloo bi(a)lkufri wahum qad kharajoo bihi wa(A)llahu aAAlamu bima kanoo yaktumoon(a) And when they come to you-SW they say: we believe; yet infidels they came and infidels they departed. And Allaah-SWT is Knower of what they have been concealing. |
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وَتَرَى كَثِيرًا مِّنْهُمْ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ وَأَكْلِهِمُ السُّحْتَ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعْمَلُونَ
Watara katheeran minhum yusariAAoona fee alithmi wa(a)lAAudwani waaklihimu a(l)ssuhta labisa ma kanoo yaAAmaloon(a) And you-SW will see many of them hastening towards sin and wickedness and devouring of the unlawful. Vile indeed is what they have been doing! |
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لَوْلاَ يَنْهَاهُمُ الرَّبَّانِيُّونَ وَالأَحْبَارُ عَن قَوْلِهِمُ الإِثْمَ وَأَكْلِهِمُ السُّحْتَ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُواْ يَصْنَعُونَ
Lawla yanhahumu a(l)rrabbaniyyoona wa(a)lahbaru AAan qawlihimu alithma waaklihimu a(l)ssuhta labisa ma kanoo yasnaAAoon(a) Why then do their rabbis and priests forbid them nor from blasphemy and from devouring of the unlawful? Vile indeed is what they have been performing! |
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وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ يَدُ اللّهِ مَغْلُولَةٌ غُلَّتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَلُعِنُواْ بِمَا قَالُواْ بَلْ يَدَاهُ مَبْسُوطَتَانِ يُنفِقُ كَيْفَ يَشَاء وَلَيَزِيدَنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنْهُم مَّا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ طُغْيَانًا وَكُفْرًا وَأَلْقَيْنَا بَيْنَهُمُ الْعَدَاوَةَ وَالْبَغْضَاء إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ كُلَّمَا أَوْقَدُواْ نَارًا لِّلْحَرْبِ أَطْفَأَهَا اللّهُ وَيَسْعَوْنَ فِي الأَرْضِ فَسَادًا وَاللّهُ لاَ يُحِبُّ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
Waqalati alyahoodu yadu Allaahi maghloolatun ghullat aydeehim waluAAinoo bimaqaloo bal yadahu mabsootatani yunfiqu kayfa yashao walayazeedanna katheeran minhum ma onzila ilayka min rabbika tughyanan wakufran waalqayna baynahumu alAAadawata wa(a)lbaghdaa ila yawmi alqiyamati kullama awqadoo naran lilharbi atfaaha Allaahu wayasAAawna fee alardi fasadan wa(A)llahu la yuhibbu almufsideen(a) And the Jews say: the hand of Allaah-SWT is fettered. Fettered be their own hands, and cursed be they for what they have uttered! Aye! His both hands are wide open; He expends however He will. And surely what has been sent down to you-SW from your-SW Rubb increases many of them in contumacy and infidelity. And We have cast among them enmity and spite till the Day of Judgement: whenever they kindle the fire of war, Allaah-SWT puts it out, and they strive after corruption in the land; and Allaah-SWT approves not the corrupters. |
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وَلَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ آمَنُواْ وَاتَّقَوْاْ لَكَفَّرْنَا عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ وَلأدْخَلْنَاهُمْ جَنَّاتِ النَّعِيمِ
Walaw anna ahla alkitabi amanoo wa(i)ttaqaw lakaffarna AAanhum sayyiatihim walaadkhalnahum jannati a(l)nnaAAeem(i) And had the People of the Book believed and feared. We would surely have expiated from them their misdeeds and would surely have admitted them in the Garden of Delight. |
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وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ أَقَامُواْ التَّوْرَاةَ وَالإِنجِيلَ وَمَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيهِم مِّن رَّبِّهِمْ لأكَلُواْ مِن فَوْقِهِمْ وَمِن تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِهِم مِّنْهُمْ أُمَّةٌ مُّقْتَصِدَةٌ وَكَثِيرٌ مِّنْهُمْ سَاء مَا يَعْمَلُونَ
Walaw annahum aqamoo a(l)ttawrata wa(a)linjeela wama onzila ilayhim min rabbihim laakaloo min fawqihim wamin tahti arjulihim minhum ommatun muqtasidatun wakatheerun minhum saa ma yaAAmaloon(a) And had they established the Torah and the Bible and what has now been sent down to them from their Rubb, they would have received abundance from above and from beneath, among them is a community right doing; but many of them are of evil conduct |
Secrets Of Revelation
It is not befitting of a believer to make friends with the Jews or the Christians, especially the Jews or those who make fun of Islam. Such friendship is neither beneficial nor lawful, rather, it's against Taqwa. It damages the feelings of love developed for Allaah-SWT. They are very proud of possessing the Divine Books, although they have interpolated them and make fun of the symbols of Islam, like the Azan. They have lost their minds in religious matters: all they concentrate on is how to gain temporal benefits, and are unable to understand the faith.
The Holy Prophet-SW may ask them, why are they annoyed with the Muslims? Is it only for the reason that the Muslims, apart from believing in the preceding Divine Books, have also accepted the Book revealed to him-SW? The earlier Scriptures were sent by Allaah-SWT and there was no alternative but to accept them. Same is the case with the Divine Book revealed to them. Also ask them how far have they practised in accordance with the Books they believe are Allaah-SWT's, and to take a look at their history, which consists of nothing but a long list of repeated wickedness and sins. The Holy Prophet-SW may ask them if he-SW should identify for them the people and the nations termed as evildoers. They are those who have been accursed by Allaah-SWT, deprived of His Mercy and are rendered incapable of obeying Him. Some were punished by Allaah-SWT through physical distortion. They were turned into apes and swines while others were spiritually distorted to serve the Satan. These truly unfortunate people were indeed their ancestors, whose rituals they have proudly acquired while they make fun of what Allaah-SWT has revealed, even though their forefathers were extremely misguided and degraded people. Now they come to you O' Prophet-SW to show that they are believers while their hearts overflow with disbelief and they leave in the same condition. Allaah-SWT knows all that they conceal. Often the Holy Prophet-SW was informed by Allaah-SWT about these hypocrites, and when on such occasions Ayat were revealed the believers could guess about the people indicated therein by analyzing those who had left the audience. Another aspect evinced here is that without sincerity in a heart, no beneficence can be received from the Holy Prophet-SW. These treacherous people would come to the Holy Prophet-SW with disbelief in their hearts and would return the same way, while the fortunate ones would wash off the disbelief and leave brimming with the light of faith because of their sincerity. If this is a condition imposed in the court of Holy Prophet-SW, a Shaikh is only a particle receiving light from that sun. If there is no sincerity here, it will be futile to expect any gain.
O' the addressed! Continued indulgence in sin becomes a second nature to human beings and majority may be seen neck deep in crime. In other words, evil has become a part of their disposition and they hasten in aggression and eat what is unlawful, which indeed is an abominable attitude. If the association with evildoers and constant indulgence in sin can change a person's nature, the company of virtuous people, continuous Zikr-ullaah and the spiritual attention of a Shaikh can also do the same. Rather, the former has two influencing factors, i.e. bad company and evil deeds and the latter has three factors, i.e. noble company, good deeds and the spiritual attention of the Shaikh, the last factor being the most effective. That is why it has been said: Why don't the Jewish Shaikhs and scholars stop their people from wickedness?
The scholars and Shaikhs are two influential elements of a society. If they sincerely wish to reform it, they enjoy more powers than the rulers. Every disciple of a saint obeys him and every follower of a religious scholar takes his word as the last. This has been experienced time and again that no matter how authentic references are quoted to a person from the Qura'an and Hadith; he will not be convinced unless corroborated by his own mentor. So why don't these scholars and Shaikhs forbid people from unlawful provisions and sins? In other words, the responsibility of reformation of the society lies upon these two groups, and if all they can do is to receive donations and offerings and dare not reform the people for fear of losing their income, they will have no excuse to present before Allaah-SWT on the Day of Judgement. If only out of greed these scholars and saints destroy people’s faith and religion, they are indeed guilty of an enormity.
The Jews say that the treasures of Allaah-SWT are on the decline only to make fun of the system of Zakat and almsgiving. They add: Why are the people being asked to give alms, when Allaah-SWT's Prophet-SW is amongst them; he-SW should take from Allaah-SWT and give it to the needy. Have the treasures of Allaah-SWT exhausted or His hands are tied? Allaah-SWT declared that their hands shall certainly be tied. Hence they were humiliated and exiled, some were killed while the others accursed for uttering such blasphemy. They were deprived of Allaah-SWT's Mercy and also the spiritual blessings. Consequently they failed to embrace Islam and also suffered worldly losses. Their houses were destroyed, they were killed and exiled. The lesson was driven home that Allaah-SWT's hands are open. A wrongdoer moves headlong in his pursuits: it is only when Allaah-SWT seizes him that he realizes how wrong he was. If he is lucky he may repent, otherwise he shall be punished and destroyed.
This exactly is the condition of the Jews and the Christians; they have witnessed that the non-believers of the entire Arabia could not harm Islam, and the Muslims are on the road to worldly progress as well as spiritual excellence. Nevertheless, they do not wish to embrace Islam, rather march forward in mischief, rebellion and disbelief. Allaah-SWT as a punishment, instilled in their hearts mutual enmity and rivalry that will endure until the end of time. They cannot form a united front against the Muslims, and when out of treachery, they ignite the flames of war, Allaah-SWT cools it down. They do not have the courage to fight face to face in a battlefield. When they conspire, Allaah-SWTreveals their intrigue and they fail to instigate a war according to their designs. They always struggle to create mischief whereas Allaah-SWT does not like mischief mongers. Had these People of the Book adhered to the teachings of their Divine Book when it was valid, feared Allaah-SWT and obeyed His Commands, they would have been forgiven and admitted to Paradise. They would never have been turned into apes and swines, and destroyed. Had they observed the Commandments of the Torah, believed in the Bible when revealed and obeyed Allaah-SWT's Apostle, and upon the revelation of Qura'an, as foretold by both the Divine Books, also believed in it and the Holy Prophet-SW, Allaah-SWT would have blessed them with bounties in this world, in the form of rainfall from the skies and treasures of the land. Virtue and good deeds generally lead to comforts and ease in the world, unless Allaah-SWT wills to try His servant, or the person errs which is human. Certainly there are some pious people amongst the Jews and the Christians but the majority is wicked. The pious were blessed with Islam and Companionship of the Holy Prophet-SW, while wrongdoers, generations after generations, continue to face disasters.
